Cervical cancer & Prevention

Symptoms and Prevention of Cervical Cancer

 

Cervical cancer (CC) is the abnormal growth of cells in the cervical line. Common cervical cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. The less common cervical cancer is Adenocarcinoma. It is more challenging to diagnose because it starts higher in the cervix.

In 2022, 900 people were diagnosed with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer decreased when the National Cervical screening program began in 1991. The human papillomavirus vaccination program started in 2007. 

Cervical cancer signs and symptoms:

If irregular cells change into CC most common signs are below:

• Vaginal bleeding between periods.
• Menstrual bleeding is longer and heavier than usual.
• Pain during intercourse and bleeding after intercourse.
• Pelvic, leg, and back pain.
• Fatigue or weight loss, loss of desire for food 
• A change in vaginal discharge.Such as more discharge or change its color or smell.
• Inflammation in one leg.
• Vaginal bleeding after menopause.

These symptoms may be signs of another cause. But if these signs continue after a long time, contact your doctor. It is essential for anyone with a cervix. 

The risk factors are ----

• Human papillomavirus infection.
• Early marriage.
• Sexually active at teenage.
• Having more sexual partners.
• Poor genital hygiene.
• Smoking.
• Multiple pregnancies.
• Weak immune system.
• Malnutrition.
• Prolonged use of oral contraceptive pill.

Prevention of cervical cancer.

Elementary prevention

• HPV vaccination reduces the risk of CC before having sex.
• Follow safer sexual practices by using condoms.
• Stop smoking.
• Limit sexual partners.
• Delay first sexual intercourse in teenage.
• Avoid sex with infected with genital warts people.
• Timely treatment of any cervical problem.
• Practice menstrual hygiene

CC is a disease that can be curable by avoiding risk factors and HPV vaccination. If the diagnosis it the elementary stage it will be curable.. 30 years aged women should be screened for CC at least once. 

References: 1. Article of the Indian cancer society.

                      2. world health organization.