Chart of Narration

 Narration

Rules of changing narration

If the direct narration’s reporting verb is in the past form, then the indirect narration’s reported speech will change following these rules.

Direct narration	Indirect narration
Present indefinite tense[SUB+V1+OBJ] Example: He said to me, “I know you.”	Past indefinite tense[sub+v2+obj] Example: He told me that he knew me.
Present continuous tense[sub +am/is/are+v+ing+obj] Example: He said to me,” I am going to school”.	Past continuous tense [sub+was/were+v+ing+obj] Example: He told me that he was going to school.
Present perfect tense [sub+ have/has+v3+obj] Example: Mira said to me,” I have done the work.”	Past perfect tense[sub+had+v3+obj] Example: Mira told me that she (Mira) had done the work.
Present perfect continuous tense [sub+have been/has been+v1+ing+obj] Example: Robin said,” It has been raining for two hours.”	Past perfect continuous [sub+ had been+v3+obj] Example: Robin said that it had been raining for two hours.
Past indefinite tense[sub+v2+obj] Example: Mina said to me, “I went to Dhaka.”	Past perfect tense[sub+had+v3+obj] Example: Mina told me that she (M) had gone to Dhaka.
Past continuous tense[sub+was/were+v+ing+obj] Example: Sochi said,” I was playing football on the ground.”	Past perfect continuous tense[sub+had been+v3+obj] Example: Sochi said that she(s) had been playing football on the ground.
Past perfect tense[sub+had+v3+obj] Example: She said,” I had completed my lessons before I went to bed.”	Past perfect tense[sub+had+v3+obj] Example: She said that she had completed her lessons before she went to bed.
Past perfect continuous tense[sub+had been+v1+ing+for+obj] Example: He said,” I had been suffering from a fever for three days.”	Past perfect continuous tens [sub+had been+v1+ing+for+obj] Example: He said that he had been suffering from a fever for three days.
Future tense[shall/will/shall be/will be/shall have/will have] Example: She said,” I shall do the work.”	Future in the form of past tense[should/would/should be/would be------] Example: She said that she would do the work.